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Unit 5 Lab - Repos and Patching

Info

If you are unable to finish the lab in the ProLUG lab environment we ask you reboot the machine from the command line so that other students will have the intended environment.

Required Materials

Downloads

The lab has been provided below. The document(s) can be transposed to the desired format so long as the content is preserved. For example, the .txt could be transposed to a .md file.

Pre-Lab Warm-Up

Download the STIG Viewer 2.18 from - https://public.cyber.mil/stigs/downloads/

Download the STIG for Apache 2.4 and the import it into your STIG viewer

Create a checklist from the opened STIG for Apache 2.4

Review the software download process for Mellanox drivers:
Linux InfiniBand Drivers

Look through the available downloads and see if you can find the currently available LTS for Rocky 9.5 x86_64.
After that find a distribution of your choice and play with their tool.

You do not have to download or move this into our environment, I have already provided them in our lab.

Lab 🧪

This lab is designed to have the engineer practice deploying patches in a Linux environment. The engineer will create repos and then deploy patches through an automated enterprise level Ansible playbook. But first, the engineer will review some of the Apache 2.4 STIG requirements if they want to run their own repo on their network.

Apache STIGs Review

  1. Look at the 4 STIGs for "tls"

    • What file is fixed for all of them to be remediated?

  2. Install httpd on your Hammer server 

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    systemctl stop wwclient
dnf install -y httpd
systemctl start httpd

  3. Check STIG V-214234

    • What is the problem?

    • What is the fix?

    • What type of control is being implemented?

    • Is it set properly on your system?

  4. Check STIG V-214248

    • What is the problem?

    • What is the fix?

    • What type of control is being implemented?

    • Is it set properly on your system?

    • How do you think SELINUX will help implement this control in an enforcing state? Or will it not affect it?

Building repos

  1. Start out by removing all your active repos 

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    cd /etc/yum.repos.d
mkdir old_archive
mv *.repo old_archive
dnf repolist

  2. Mount the local repository and make a local repo 

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    mount -o loop /lab_work/repos_and_patching/Rocky-9.5-x86_64-dvd.iso /mnt
df -h  # Should see the mount point
ls -l /mnt
touch /etc/yum.repos.d/rocky9.repo
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rocky9.repo
    Add the repo configuration: 
    [BaseOS]
name=BaseOS Packages Rocky Linux 9
metadata_expire=-1
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
baseurl=file:///mnt/BaseOS/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

[AppStream]
name=AppStream Packages Rocky Linux 9
metadata_expire=-1
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
baseurl=file:///mnt/AppStream/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
    Save with esc :wq or "shift + ZZ"

    • Do the paths you're using here make sense to you based off what you saw when using the ls -l? Why or why not? 
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      chmod 644 /etc/yum.repos.d/rocky9.repo
dnf clean all

  3. Test the local repository. 

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    dnf repolist
dnf --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="AppStream" list available

    • Approximately how many are available? 
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      dnf --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="AppStream" list available | nl
dnf --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="AppStream" list available | nl | head
      Now use BaseOS. 
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      dnf --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="BaseOS" list available
    • Approximately how many are available? 
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      dnf --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="BaseOS" list available | nl
dnf --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="BaseOS" list available | nl | head
    • Try to install something 
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      dnf --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="BaseOS AppStream" install gimp
# hit "n"
    • How many packages does it want to install?
    • How can you tell they're from different repos?

  4. Share out the local repository for your internal systems (tested on just this one system) 

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    rpm -qa | grep -i httpd
systemctl status httpd
ss -ntulp | grep 80
lsof -i :80
cd /etc/httpd/conf.d
vi repos.conf
    Edit the file: 
    <Directory "/mnt">
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
    Require all granted
</Directory>
Alias /repo /mnt
<Location /repo>
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
    Require all granted
</Location>
    Restart the service. 
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    systemctl restart httpd
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rocky9.repo
    Edit the file with your lab's name in the baseurl: 
    ###USE YOUR HAMMER MACHINE IN BASEURL###
[BaseOS]
name=BaseOS Packages Rocky Linux 9
metadata_expire=-1
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
#baseurl=file:///mnt/BaseOS/
baseurl=http://hammer25/repo/BaseOS/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

[AppStream]
name=AppStream Packages Rocky Linux 9
metadata_expire=-1
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
#baseurl=file:///mnt/AppStream/
baseurl=http://hammer25/repo/AppStream/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

    • Do the paths you've modified at baseurl make sense to you? If not, what do you need to better understand? 
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      dnf clean all
dnf repolist
Try to install something
dnf --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="BaseOS AppStream" install gimp

Enterprise patching

  1. Complete the killercoda lab found here: https://killercoda.com/het-tanis/course/Ansible-Labs/102-Enterprise-Ansible-Patching

    • Look at the roles, in the order the are run in the playbook.
      • Does it make sense how the custom facts are used? What other custom facts might you use?
      • What are the prechecks doing? What other ones might you add?
      • What does the reboot task do, and how does it check for reboot to be needed?

Digging Deeper challenge (not required for finishing lab)

  1. You've set up a local repository and you've shared that repo out to other systems that might want to connect. Why might you need this if you're going to fully air-gap systems?
    Is it still necessary even if your enterprise patching solution is well designed? Why or why not?

  2. Can you add the Mellanox ISO that is included in the /lab_work/repos_and_patching section to be a repository that your systems can access? If you have trouble, troubleshoot and ask the group for help.

  3. Make a pull request to improve the enterprise patching tool that you just used. Write up, for the group, why you need that change and how it improves the efficacy of the patching.

Info

Be sure to reboot the lab machine from the command line when you are done.